Vol 6, No 3 (2017)

This paper discusses the influence of biotopic conditions on the secondary compounds accumulation in lichen thalloms. Secondary metabolites inherent in the metabolism of various groups of organisms are widely represented in symbiotic organisms – lichens, with a significant number of these compounds being phenolic derivatives. The authors of the paper present the results of spectrophotometric scanning of alcohol extracts from lichen thalloms of three species: Xanthoria parietina (L.) Belt., Parmelia sulcata Tayl., Vulpicida pinastri (Scop.) J.-E. Mattsson & M.J. Lai, sampled in different forest communities of the Krasnosamarsky forest (Samara Region), in 9 plots, where plant communities were fragments of natural forests (birch, aspen, linden, oak) and forest stands. Forest communities differed in their position in the relief, the composition of the arboreal stage, associated with the height and closeness of the plantations to microclimate conditions. The extracts obtained by infusion of 96% ethanol samples were analyzed using the AZURA UV / VIS UVD 2.1 L detector (190–750 nm, Knauer) in the laboratory of Chemistry Department of Samara University to obtain absorption spectra in the UV region using the ClarityChrom program. The study can be considered as an initial stage of bioecological screening, which makes it possible to ascertain the dependence of the secondary metabolites accumulation on habitat parameters in relation to the conditions of forest ecosystems in different parts of the Samara Region. The spectrophotometric study of the extracts demonstrated the presence of species-specific features of the spectra, indicating the differences in the qualitative composition of the extracts. For extracts obtained from samples of lichens were found spectra differences: quantitative – for all the species, and also qualitative – for Xanthoria parietina and Vulpicida pinastri extracts, related to qualitative and quantitative differences in the accumulation of secondary metabolites. These differences are presumably associated with differences in the biotopic conditions of growth of the thalli of the three studied lichen species.

The following paper is a result of many-year-observations of the railways flora in the Middle Volga Region. Observations were carried out on the territory of several entities with different configurations of the railway network and the intensity of its operation. The cited data characterize the foreign component as a two-level dynamic system consisting of a core and a fluctuating outer belt. The core is represented by American and Eurasian invasive species that are firmly established in the natural plant communities and capable of prolonged growth in one place. External fluctuating belt consists of naturalized alien species and permanently or occasionally presents in the composition of ruderal vegetation, capable of changing their numbers, depending on the living conditions and the operation of the railways. Structurally alien flora is formed under the influence of extreme living conditions that is reflected in the predominance of annual herbaceous plants xerophytic spectrum, as well as the cosmopolitan weed. The taxonomic structure shows impoverishment of the species composition, low values of the species occupancy rate, but at the same time the generic fillability of the families shows relatively high indices. In general, foreign component flora characterized by considerable resistance to extreme environmental conditions, is capable of long-term existence in a certain area, with a tendency to settling in adjacent territories characterizing similar habitat conditions.

The following paper present the study results of the influence of synthetic plant growth regulators (Biodux, Energen, K-Humate-Na & mineral) on the soil germination of rare wild-growing peonies seeds (P. anomala L., P. hybrida Pall., P. lactiflora Pall., P. mlokosewitschii Lomak., P. tenuifolia L., P. delavayi Franch, P. suffruticosa Andr.) on the basis of the Botanical Garden Institute of the Ufa Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Red Books of the regions and countries are listed, which include the studied species and the statuses of their rarity. Detailed information on the geography and culture of species is presented. Life forms, ecotypes and phenoritmotypes of cultivars are described. Seeding of seeds (in the amount of 150 pieces in each variant of the experiment) collected from plants of local reproduction was made in the autumn of 2013 on the ridges of a specially designated site in the open ground. The positive effect of the studied preparations on soil germination is shown. So, as a result of the spring 2015 experience, from 15 to 87% of the seed number seeded, depending on the variant, have risen. The maximum value of seed germination (87%) was obtained in P. mlokosewitschii in the experiment variant using the Biodux preparation. The effect of growth regulators depends significantly on the specific features of peonies: for each species, the selection of individual physiologically active substances and the optimal conditions for their use are necessary. The analysis of changes in morphometric parameters in the studied species showed that under the influence of growth regulators in most seedlings, such parameters as plant height (the maximum increase in the parameter – by 1,4 times with K-Humate-Na & mineral preparation), the leaf length (in 1,3 times when using Biodux), the number of leaves (3,0 times when using Biodux) increase. For the peonies species studied, the most effective preparations are Energen for seed germination, Biodux and K-Humate-Na & mineral for increasing morphometric parameters. Most responsive to these growth regulators were the following: P. delavayi and P. suffruticosa.

The paper contains species composition of the rare taxa growing in specially protected natural areas in the Samara Region – Gremiachii, the source of Usa river, Malousinskie upland pine and oak forests, Racheiskaia taiga, Racheiskie skaly and Seven springs, located in the Racheiskii forest (upper reaches of the Usa river basin). The authors assess their occurrence in the protected areas. They have established that 98 species of rare vascular plants that included in the Red Book of the Samara Region grow here, among them 4 species are included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation (Iris aphylla L., Fritillaria ruthenica Wikstr., Cypripedium calceolus L., Neottiantha cucullata (L.) Schlechter). Another 17 species need constant monitoring and surveillance. Previously presented for the Usa river basin Cotoneaster alaunicus Golitsin, Dactyloriza longifolia (L.) Aver. and Jurinea ewersmannii Bunge have not been found, their location in the region requires additional research. For the revision of rare plant species the authors have used published materials and unpublished materials of expeditionary research integrated in Information-analytical system Salix. The obtained materials make it possible to correct the natural monuments system by combining identical natural-territorial complexes.

The paper presents the assessment of heavy metal pollution of Abakan soils, the main source of which is motor transport. The pollution assessment of the upper horizons soils located near four main highways of the city was conducted under established standards. The maximum concentration of elements was recorded in the area with very high traffic, which confirms the importance of the role of motor transport as the main source of pollutants. When calculating the total pollution index (Z_c) all highways were in a «dangerous» category. A similar indicator calculated on the basis of the data content in the soil-forming rock, allowed us to determine the degree of pollution as «moderately hazardous». Analysis of heavy metals content in soil profiles has allowed to establish in the upper soil horizons, a significant excess of gross and mobile forms of all elements at sites with very high and high degree of traffic load, which indicates intense аerogenic intake of pollutants. Determined the proportion of elements of anthropogenic origin and the fact of the uneven distribution of heavy metals in the soil profile and their concentration in different geochemical barriers. When determining causal relationships between heavy metal content and separate soil characteristics we have found a direct dependence on the following parameters: pH, humus, cation exchange capacity, carbon dioxide, carbonates, particle size distribution, and in some cases we can talk about complex influence of soil properties on the concentration of elements. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in urban ecosystems soils, using the data content of elements in soil-forming rock with the use of the profile approach is the most objective.

This paper examines the influence of chronic alcoholic intoxication on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with syndrome of alcohol dependence. The authors describe chronic alcoholic intoxication, accompanied by significant violations of homeostasis, which is manifested by changes in protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and mineral metabolism. The authors examine the role of alcohol as one of the main factors that affect dysbiotic shifts in the normal microbiota of human intestines. The paper presents the results of the comparison found earlier in the course of experimental work, significant changes of the intestinal microbiota of rats subjected to chronic alcoholism and clinical results of the study of the microbial landscape in patients with syndrome of alcohol dependence. The authors established that under the influence of alcohol there is a statistically significant reduction in saccharolytic microbiota. The obtained data are a part of a clinic-experimental study of changes in the state of resistance of the organism exposed to the chronic effects of alcohol and can serve as a basis for further study of the intestinal microbiota changes, which is an important component of a personalized approach to the definition of tactics of treatment and rehabilitation of people with the syndrome of alcohol dependence.

Born in the Murmansk Oblast, Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeyev lived a short but bright and creative life full of scientific research and achievements. As far as studying at the department of Archaeology of Leningrad State University, he chose the Holocene Stone Age as the topic for his research, to which he remained faithful up to the end of life. Working his way up from a laboratory assistant to the head of the Paleolithic Department of Leningrad Institute of Archaeology within the Academy of Science USSR-Institute for the Material Culture History of Russian Academy of Sciences, he proved himself as a purposeful, highly educated specialist who had extensive knowledge in field research, scientific methods and archaeological theory. Excellent memory, analytical abilities and diligence of Vladimir Ivanovich were noted by all colleagues and friends, both Russian and foreign ones, during expeditions and at conferences. The deserved recognition of Vladimir Ivanovich as the greatest expert of the Neolithic Age is unquestionable and it was about to be developed in doctoral thesis. Full sections of this work were discussed many times at the meetings of the Paleolithic Department and the Academic Council of Institute for the Material Culture and always received the highest appreciation. Unfortunately, a tragic accident cut short the life path of a first-class archaeologist and Vladimir Ivanovich Timofeev’s extensive final research devoted to a wide range of Neolithic problems was never completed. Almost 13 years have elapsed since the untimely passing of this talented scientist but the bitterness of loss does not become weaker.

Our knowledge of Mesolithic decorated bone and antler tools from Scandinavia has mainly been based on finds from sites and single finds from Southern Scandinavia. However, recent excavations at a Late Mesolithic site at Strandvägen in Motala, south-central Sweden, have changed the state of research and revealed a large number of bone and antler tools, some of them with decorations. The site is located on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern, the second largest lake in the south of Sweden and at the only large outlet of the lake. The site was used during a number of centuries, with a concentration of radiocarbon dates around 7500–7000 cal. BP. The settlement at Strandvägen is the only site in this part of Scandinavia with a large number of finds of bone and antler. The location of the site was exceptional as it was easily available by contact links to the south and north as well as east and west. This is well manifested in the find material. Leister points are the single largest group of tools, with a total of more than 400 examples. A number of these are furnished with decoration in the form of small notches on the barbs more or less in systematic order, as well as cross-hatched motifs. A small number of other tools such as slotted daggers and antler objects with shaft holes are also decorated. In comparison with southern Sweden and Denmark, similarities are obvious concerning both the choice of motifs and the variety of their execution. The only other area in the Baltic region with a number of decorated objects is the East Baltic. However the chronological relevance is uncertain. For example one can find leister points with similarities to the finds at Strandvägen among the finds from Lake Lubāna in south-eastern Latvia. The question of how many of the motifs, and how they are executed is a pan-Mesolithic phenomenon within Northern Europe and how much can be related to specific regional markings.

Elshansky type of settlements was distinguished in the 1970s and 80s years after researches of a number of the settlements with weakly ornamented ceramics with sharp bottom that have profiled brims in the forest-steppe of Zavolzh’e. Close analogues to elshansky type of ceramics in the materials of the next regions has not been found, but there were some parallels in the utensil of settlements of Strumel-Gastyatin type. It was already highlighted two types of elshanskaya ceramics: 1) with sharp bottom and profiled, 2) with straight walls and flat-bottomed. Later this lead to change the concept of «elshansky type of ceramics». Because the choosing analogues to two types of elshanskaya ceramics began to find on a number of early Neolithic settlements from the Urals to the basin of the river Don. Meanwhile, such features as the shape of the vessels, weakly ornamented walls, belong to the category of the elementary and their convergent appearance is very likely. Only the transfer of the set of complex signs which are not recorded between materials of elshanka-Strumel-Gastyatin-Artibelle could serve the argument of the succession, but which take place between the ceramics Yelshanka and materials of the Baltic settlement Swidze.

The paper publishes the long-term study results of the Early Neolithic population pottery technology in the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region. This research was carried out within the framework of the historical and cultural approach by the method of A.A. Bobrinsky. It was based on binocular microscopy, traceology and experiment in the form of physical modeling. 483 samples of ceramics (conditionally separate vessels) were subjected to techno-technological analysis. They originate from the cultural layers of the Rakushechny Yar camp (294) and I Razdorskaya site (4), located in the Lower Don region, as well as 14 sites of the Middle and Upper Don Region containing Karamyshev type ceramics (185). The authors give a general description of the Early Neolithic pottery of the Don region and a comparative analysis of the data on pottery technology of the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region population. The problems of the origin and distribution of early Neolithic pottery traditions are considered, the similarities and differences in the neolithization process in the Don region and the Volga region are distinguished.

The materials of the first stage that belong to the VI millennium BC (CalBC) are featured by pure layers and pinched pottery. These features were revealed in the materials of Monastyrskaya site in Pribityuzhie, in the lower layer of Cherkasskaya site (archeological excavations of 1979–1981) as well as in Inyasevskaya, Shapkinskaya 6, Plautinskaya 2 – in Pohoperie. On the Upper Don territory similar complexes are only revealed in the lower layers of Yarlukovskaya Protoka settlement, Dobroе 4 and Universitetskaya 3 sites. The second stage is dated by the end of VI – the first half of V millennium BC. It has much more materials. They were revealed both on the Voronezh River and Don. This stage is featured by pinches on the pottery as well as ornaments in the shape of small thin comb. These ornaments were brought to the Don forest-steppe by the population of the early Eneolithic from the Mariupol cultural and historical area. At the beginning of the third stage (second half of V millennium BC) the population of Srednedonskaya culture initiated more active communication with entrants from the Neolithic population which had comb-dimpled pottery as well as with people of Eneolithic Srednestogovskaya culture.

The relative chronology determines only the sequence of events, so preferences absolute chronology, which are used the natural-science methods. Due to the general lack of reliable dates and contextual information in the layers of the Stone Age, absolute chronology is still subject to discussion. As a result of many years of research work in the basin of the upper Sukhona identified key sites that are named Veksa. The exceptional importance of the Veksas complex is linkes with clearly stratigrafi, up to 3 m stratifications, with inclusions of the early Neolithic – Middle Ages cultural layers, which contributed to the creation of a relative chronology and allotment of typological complexes in their development. The joint Russian-German research that began in 2007 are aimed at multidisciplinary research of monuments. The methods used in the research on Veksa include the dating of AMC, isotope and archeochemical analyzes of different materials (bones, ceramics), of archeobotanyka, palynology, dendrochronology, reconstruction of landscape development, etc. The results obtained contribute to the creation of reliable chronological framework for the identification of cultural complexes and address a wide range of issues.

The following paper presents analysis of the Corded Ware cultures materials in the North-West Russia. The investigation involved materials from 4 archaeological settlements and finds (stone battle-axes) from the Pskov region. The main attention is focused on three principal categories of the Corded Ware cultures artifacts: pottery with cord ornamentation, triangular arrowheads, and stone-battle axes. The paper gives a complex description of ceramic: technology of making pottery, morphology and ornamentation. Stone battle-axes were considered in the context of all Corded Ware cultures materials in the presented region for the first time. Comparison of these materials with other artifacts of the Corded Ware cultures, as well as using methods of relative and absolute chronology, made it possible to trace new directions of the cultural contacts at the beginning of the III millennium BC. The result of these migrations and/or cultural influences from the territory of south-western Europe is the spread of cord impressions on ceramic vessels, emergence of new shapes of pottery and new types of stone battle-axes. The further development is associated with the influence of the Baltic Coast culture. It was the key to the formation of the North-Belarusian culture, which existed in the presented region from the second half of the III millennium BC and is included to the circle of the Corded Ware cultures.

Stone Age archaeological material from the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland region are evident of presence here a stable border between cultural areas from the Late Mesolithic till the end of Neolithic. Differences between those areas are mostly become apparent in the certain categories of archaeological finds – first of all in pottery (Sperrings, Narva and Late Neolithic types) as well as in decorations and mobile art. The border survives through millennia though sufficient cultural transformations in material culture developed during that time in the region. The border could arise in the Late Mesolithic, in the 7th – middle of the 6th ca. BC. Hypothetically its arising could be related to appearance of new people in the region, and possibly with the «8200 cal. BP climatic event». The border is visible in archaeological material till the mass migration of the Corded Ware culture people in the region about the turn of 4th and 3d ca. BC. The phenomenon of the Typical Combed Ware culture that existed in the region from the end of 5th till the second half of the 4th ca. BC probably was not related to the new people coming but can reflect integration of the aborigine population in response to some outer (socio-cultural?) factors.

The following paper gives a description of the landscapes formed in the Upper Kama basin in the Holocene. First of all, the authors describe the first river terraces and the most ancient floodplain generations. In the Upper Kama basin, 35 Mesolithic sites are known. During the mapping of the study area, 3 micro regions were identified with a large concentration of Mesolithic settlements and territories with early unknown Holocene sites. The first group includes: the area of the upper Kama near the village of Liokmartovo-Kazantsevo, the old-channel formation of Chashkinskoye Lake and the lower stream of the river Kosa. The second one is the Upper Kama in the Gainy and Kosinsky districts of the Perm region. The analysis of the Mesolithic sites locations showed dependence of the first terraces on the most ancient floodplains of large water arteries. At the same time, this dependence should not be exaggerated because people often settled on smaller rivers and streams.

The following paper summarizes the study results of the Kizhi Museum-Reserve archaeological expedition in 2013–2016. During this period Kosmozero, Vanchozero, Turastamozero and Ladmozero on the territory of the Zononezhsky peninsula in the Medvezhyegorsk district and the Suna River within the boundaries of the Kivach state reserve in the Kondopoga district were studied. The purpose of the study was to establish the high-altitude patterns in the location of the Stone Age settlements in the interior of the Karelia. As a result of the works 23 ancient settlements on the territory of the Zaonezhsky peninsula were located on the ancient terraces of the Onega Lake bays at heights of 3 to 12 meters above the current water level in the reservoirs, the most ancient monuments of the Mesolithic era occupying the highest hypsometric marks. A new archeological complex of 20 monuments was discovered, timed to the ancient coastal terraces of the Onega Lake and at altitudes of 4 to 14 meters above the modern water level and in the Suna River.

The following paper deals with typological and technological analyses of the pottery of the Sosenki settlement of the Ulyanovsk region. The author identified 3 morphological groups of vessels among the available material on the basis of external features that are based on vessels shape and surface treatment. Technical-and-technological analysis of ceramics, based on the methods of A.A. Bobrinsky, was carried out for the purpose of determining the characteristics of the initial raw material, traditions of composing the pasts and the character of the calcination of the vessels. The analysis of the preparatory stage of the pottery process confirmed the presence of some differences in the selected groups mainly related to the features of the dimension and calibration of grog in the paste. In conclusion, it is proposed to assign this complex to the Upper Don cultural traditions. However, it is pointed out that a very limited amount of material still requires only the introduction of a scientific use without focusing on cultural interpretations. Settlement dating based on mass material can not be determined smaller than within the C2-D2 phases. The settlement dates back to the pre-Imenkovo period and materials may find later echoes on the sites of Samara Bend.

The article presents the first results of dietary isotopic analysis of the population of the Tasmola culture (8^th-5^th centuries BC) of Central Kazakhstan. Samples from 30 objects, including 27 human and 3 faunal bones were used for the analysis. Stable nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) and carbon (δ¹³C) isotope analysis was carried out at the 14Chrono Centre for Climate, the Environment and Chronology, using standard methods of collagen preparation by an ultrafiltration method. The results for humans vary widely in both δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N. The variety of carbon isotope values in humans suggests that their diet included С₄ plants, apparently millet, which is specifically evident from four humans with the highest δ¹³C ratios from the sites of Koitas, Taldy-2, Akbeit and Karashoky. This indicates the existence of millet in Central Kazakhstan in the form of a seed culture or an imported product at the beginning of the Iron Age. The data shows that millet was consumed in this period in certain sites of Central Kazakhstan, but not everywhere. For further conclusions, larger sample (including faunal) is needed.

The paper introduces into the scientific use a zoomorphic image revealed during the excavation of the kurgan no. 10 of the burial ground Ashutasty-1. The monument was researched by the expedition of the Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Margulan which was under the guidance of the group of authors in 2015. The materials received due to the analysis of funeral ceremony features, as well as a type of the bronze tip date back to VII–VI centuries BC. Geographically the studied complex is located within the west wing of the vast historical and cultural region Saryarka stretching from Shyngystau in the east to Ulytau in the west. Delineated area coincides with the geographical location of the Tasmola cultural monuments, revealed and introduced by a well-known Kazakh archaeologist M.K. Kadyrbayev. The analyzed image of feline predator Ashutasty-1 have close analogies among the materials obtained during the excavation of the Saka time burials such as Akbeit, Baike-2, Karashoky, Taldy-2. The research works were conducted under the direction of A.Z. Beisenov. Pictorial monuments are known among the antiquities of the synchronous range monuments: Jetysu (Jalauly), Southern Aral area (Tagisken, Uigarak), Kazakh Altay (Tarasu), Southern Ural (Kichigino) and Tuva (Arjan-2, Kosh-Pey, Kuilug-Hem-1).

This paper analyzes the evolution of literacy in different categories of the Orenburg region adult population according to the censuses in 1920, 1926 and 1939 as well as the influence of the educational policy of the Soviet state. The analysis of the census gives an opportunity to give literacy demographic characteristics: gender, age, nationality, social status, occupation, etc. The author notes that the proclamation of compulsory education principle for illiterate adults and the organization of universal education for school-age children gave an opportunity for education to all categories of the Soviet Russian population. Literacy level started to rise; it was reflected in the census. The censuses of 1926, 1939 showed that literacy level of certain age groups in different generations rose after the October revolution. The paper has a certain pattern: the older the generation age was, the higher the level of literacy was. Generalized materials of the first Soviet censuses allow us to conclude that the effect of positive and negative factors in the education of children and illiterate adults was different in urban and rural areas. As a rule, more women and men had a chance for education in urban areas. The results of the study allow us to conclude on the impact of the Soviet government activities to adult education.

This article is devoted to the numerous existing scientific literature with the relevant information of the history of the Caucasian war, on the basis of which an attempt is made to overcome the historiographical impasse in the evaluation and analysis of this controversial era in the history of relations between Russia and the peoples of the North Caucasus. As is known in the historiography of the Caucasian war, there are many controversies and disagreements. The most valuable factual material on the history of the present works of his contemporaries. This article first carried out a historiographical analysis of the existing points of view on this issue. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the state of historiographical development of the problem. As the historiography of the Caucasian war is the subject of intense debate, and are often interpreted very biased in the historical literature, the author tried objectively, based on an extensive historiographical material, to contribute in an objective study of the history of the Caucasian war. A great contribution to the study of the history of the Caucasian war has made the all-Union scientific conference, which opened a new stage in the study of the history of the test event. Factual material and system analysis allows to identify the nature, driving forces and nature of the Caucasian war, also define the reasons that caused this war to analyze the causes of the origin of the ideology of Muridism in the Caucasus, and a detailed study of the Russian-North Caucasian relations.

The paper is devoted to the technology of the concentrated training in unified information and education environment (UIEE) that helps to achieve a synergetic effect and a systematic emergence in the teaching and educational process and increases university students’ proficiency level. The authors analyze the purpose, tasks and advantages of UIEE concept development in the Russian Federation. They say that the information and education holizm of defines the structure of the holistic information and education environment. The authors define ways of increasing a didactic potential of computer audiences due to their holistic configuration, which is carried out by various functions of the traditional technical means of training, modern and perspective electronic and communicative means, systems and technologies of training and educational and research means.

This paper is devoted to the question of the development of the communicative competency at the English lessons in the departmental institutes of the FPS of Russia. At present much attention in education is paid to competencies development process that goes to show the effectiveness of the competency-based approach in this country. Under this approach the priority is given to the new style professionals’ training. Such professionals are able to cope with all professional problems quickly and in a proper way using all their knowledge, abilities, skills and experience. This approach is a basis for totally new education which provides the improvement of occupation mobility and adaptability of our graduates. It brings them an opportunity to be at the forefront of the latest developments and innovation and foresee all possibilities of the situation. In the paper the definition of the communicative competency is revealed as ability and readiness of the cadets to foreign conversation. Much emphasis is made to the fact that both formation of the internal readiness and ability to foreign conversation may be the basis for successful communicative competency development.

In this paper the author considers a structural and functional model of the future mathematics teacher’s professional competence formation through the contextual tasks of the mathematical analysis in the implementation of competence and contextual approaches in the training of bachelors majoring in «Pedagogical Education». The author analyses scientific and methodological literature on the competence approach and «Model» as the basic concept of this paper. In the research the main components of the future mathematics teacher’s professional competence formation process are defined: information and methodological, subject and methodical, social and communicative, personal and valeological competences, development of which occurs in the process of solving contextual tasks of the mathematical analysis, which are subdivided into subject, interdisciplinary, practical and professional. The unity of the structural (goal, methodology, content and organization of the process, result) and the functional components of the model (stages, criteria, indicators, levels of the future mathematics teacher’ professional competence formation) are described. In each structural component of the model, the content and determining moments are described in detail. The author comes to the conclusion that the developed model of the future mathematics teacher’s professional competence formation can be used to develop the professional competence of the future teacher of another direction.

The following paper discusses the actual task of modern technical specialist training: getting him/her ready to communicate professionally in a foreign language. Practice requests are naturally reflected in the development of curricula and programs of higher professional education. The author demonstrates the urgency of the task in connection with the constantly changing foreign language professional communication, especially computer-mediated part of it. The author identifies two main approaches to the organization of studies at the university: changing the structure, content, methods of the course «Foreign Language» and the development of new courses of the curriculum. Within the framework of the second approach, the process of designing an educational and methodical complex for a professional communication course on the basis of a process approach is considered in some detail. The paper emphasizes the importance of using professional skills of prospective specialists to increase the effectiveness of the educational process, in particular, the development of copyright audio and video materials. The workshop for audio engineers, developed by the author of the paper, is successfully used in the educational process of Samara State Institute of Culture.

The paper shows the importance of an ethical world view, which is a kind of «technology» for eliminating the worst enemies of mankind (terrorism, separatism, etc.), the «technology» of survival in situations that go beyond everyday life, leading to a common moral and ethical denominator of people’s efforts to suppress evil; it is pointed out that the ethical worldview of the teacher is a system of «values of values» as the ultimate meanings of life and activity that are directed towards the moral and value reality of the vertical of ethical consciousness, acting in the form of guidelines on the path of movement toward moral ideals, on top of which there is the ideal of «the man of Mankind»; different points of view of scientists as to their understanding of the concept «concept» are being comprehended; the concept of the formation of the ethical worldview of the teacher in the process of improving the pedagogical qualification is developed in the following logic: 1. The rationale for the idea a) being the backbone of the transition from the core of the ethical worldview of the teacher of basic values to the goal; b) unfolding into the ideal as an image of the desired. 2. Defining the goal within the transition from basic values to the idea. 3. Justification of the ideal, the approach to which the teacher, the student is carried out through the good, synthesizing the basic values. 4. Identification of moral and ethical principles for the formation of the ethical worldview of the teacher. 5. Defining the approach to the formation of an ethical worldview teacher.

This paper deals with the problem of improving linguistic and cultural skills of students by introducing integrated foreign language and literature classes into the educational process. The integration of cultures in the departmental law institutions is an important element in the training of specialists whose competence is largely determined by their professional skills as well as by the ability to use a foreign language in terms of establishing contacts with representatives of other cultures and the ability to work independently with scientific and practical documentation and literature, to conduct business correspondence and negotiations. The work outlines the basis for the development of an integrative course of English and literature and offers a series of sessions on interdisciplinary interactions. The conducted researches have shown that interdisciplinary connections in foreign language classes have a positive impact on the quality of the educational process: cadet’s horizons are expanding, motivational aspect of training is increasing, educational and research activity is becoming more active, moral education is formed, and communicative skills of trainees are developing. The obtained results testify to the need to develop such classes within any specialization and orientation, since integrated courses significantly expand cognitive and language skills of students.