Vegetation of lakes shallowing band: ecological and biological groupings (South Urals)

In conditions of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure, aquatic ecosystems are undergoing transformation. This is reflected in the structure of their biocoenoses, including the vegetation of coastal ecotones. Ecology-biological groupings were identified: elementary synusiae, established on the basis of the dominance index, taking into account the indicators of above-ground phytomass and occurrence of species, and groups of elementary synusiae (unions), combining elementary synusiae of one or similar biomorphs. The ecological conditions of habitats were assessed by phytoindication scales of D.N. Tsyganov. The most widespread union on the shallowing band is the union of herbaceous monocarpics, which is formed by Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) S.F. Gray, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq., Potentilla norvegica L., P. supina L. The second union of herbaceous polycarpics is formed by Stellaria bungeana Fenzl. The dominant species are explerents that realize their life strategies by different methods of reproduction. Effective seed propagation and ecological plasticity of species that form a union of herbaceous monocarpics give them advantage in habitat expantion over the union of herbaceous polycarpics, which reproduces mainly vegetatively. The study of the ecological and biological structure allows to assess the contribution of individual species to the productivity of coastal communities, as well as to predict their participation in the formation of the trophic status of the waterbody.