The Development of Organotin(IV) N-Ethyl-N-Benzyldithiocarbamate Complexes: A Study on Their Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytocidal Effects on A549 Cell Line


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Abstract

Background:Organotin(IV) complexes of dithiocarbamate are vital in medicinal chemistry, exhibiting potential in targeting cancer cells due to their unique properties that enhance targeted delivery. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize organotin(IV) N-ethyl-N-benzyldithiocarbamate complexes (ONBDCs) and evaluate their cytotoxicity against A549 cells, which are commonly used as a model for human lung cancer research.

Method:The two ONBDC derivatives – ONBDC 1 (dimethyltin(IV) N-ethyl-N-benzyldithiocarbamate) and ONBDC 2 (triphenyltin(IV) N-ethyl-N-benzyldithiocarbamate) – were synthesized via the reaction of tin(IV) chloride with N-ethylbenzylamine in the presence of carbon disulfide. A range of analytical techniques, including elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrometry, TGA/DTA analysis, and X-ray crystallography, was conducted to characterize these compounds comprehensively. The cytotoxic effects of ONBDCs against A549 cells were evaluated using MTT assay.

Results:Both compounds were synthesized and characterized successfully via elemental and spectroscopies analysis. MTT assay revealed that ONBDC 2 demonstrated remarkable cytotoxicity towards A549 cells, with an IC50 value of 0.52 µM. Additionally, ONBDC 2 displayed significantly higher cytotoxic activity against the A549 cell line when compared to the commercially available chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (IC50: 32 µM).

Conclusion:Thus, it was shown that ONBDC 2 could have important anticancer properties and should be further explored as a top contender for creating improved and specialized cancer treatments.

About the authors

Nurul Amalina Abd Aziz

Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Normah Awang

Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

Nurul Farahana Kamaludin

Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar

Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Asmah Hamid

Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Study, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Kok Meng Chan

Product Stewardship and Toxicology, Petroliam Nasional Berhad

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Suhana Arshad

X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Email: info@benthamscience.net

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