Label-free optical biosensor for analysis of binding kinetics of smart nanomaterials with ligands

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Resumo

Stimulus-sensitive smart materials are activated by input signals and remain inactive until they arrive. Such materials are of great interest for the analysis of biochemical data in diagnostics and therapy. To develop nanomaterial-based smart theranostic agents, it is necessary to know the affinity of interaction and the kinetics of binding of agents to the biochip surface. However, the assessment of kinetic parameters of nanoparticle–substrate and nanoparticle–nanoparticle interactions remains a challenging task. Here, a label-free interferometry biosensor for analyzing the kinetics of binding of smart nanomaterials to the biochip surface has been developed. Using the developed biosensor, we optimized the work of molecular beacons on nanoparticles. For these smart materials, a sevenfold increase in the binding constant was demonstrated when the molecular beacons were switched from the “off” state (without ligand) to the “on” state (in the presence of DNA analyte). This change in binding constant was used to develop a kinetic biosensor that detected input DNA with a threshold of 50 ± 10 pM and a linear dynamic range of three orders of magnitude. The designed nanoparticle beacons open up new possibilities for the creation of improved theranostic nanorobots, due to their high sensitivity to the analytes and efficient work at physiological ionic strength. The latter distinguishes them favorably from previously developed nanobeacons, which were effective only in solutions with a high salt content. In the future, the biosensor can be used as a next-generation diagnostic tool.

Sobre autores

F. Zavalko

Institute of Future Biophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia

E. Komedchikova

Institute of Future Biophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia

O. Kolesnikova

Institute of Future Biophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia

A. Drozdov

Sirius University of Science and Technology

federal territory “Sirius”, Sochi, 354340 Russia

A. Orlov

Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow, 119991 Russia

A. Skirda

Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow, 119991 Russia

N. Belyakov

Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow, 119991 Russia

P. Nikitin

Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow, 119991 Russia

M. Nikitin

Institute of Future Biophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Sirius University of Science and Technology

Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia; federal territory “Sirius”, Sochi, 354340 Russia

V. Shipunova

Institute of Future Biophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Email: viktoriya.shipunova@phystech.edu
Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russia

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