<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Samara Journal of Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Samara Journal of Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Самарский научный вестник</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2309-4370</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-3016</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">677026</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55355/snv2024134201</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Historical Sciences</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Исторические науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Raphia, 217 BCE: The battlefield</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рафия, 217 г. до н.э.: поле битвы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abakumov</surname><given-names>Arkady Alexeevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абакумов</surname><given-names>Аркадий Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>candidate of historical sciences, associate professor of World History Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры всеобщей истории</p></bio><email>arc79@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный педагогический университет им. К.Д. Ушинского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Abakumov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Абакумов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abakumov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абакумов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://snv63.ru/2309-4370/article/view/677026">https://snv63.ru/2309-4370/article/view/677026</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>The Battle of Raphia (June 22, 217 BC), the main battle of the Fourth Syrian War between the Seleucid ruler Antiochus III and the Egyptian king Ptolemy IV, was one of the largest in Ancient history and at the same time one of the most underestimated. For a long time, based on Polybius's fairly detailed account, researchers concluded that the generals lacked skill. Only in the late 1970s B. Bar-Kochva and E. Galili in their publications did attempt to reassess the course of the battle and reconstruct it based on topographic data. Relying on the same quotes by Polybius and taking advantage of the fact that he does not provide an exact description of the terrain, they come to different conclusions and localize the battlefield in different places. Their interesting arguments help to clarify some passages in Polybius and interpret certain tactical decisions of different commanders, although they are certainly not immune to criticism. Nevertheless, the main thing uniting both of them them is that they are, in their own way (in each case), offer rather convincing attempt to refute the old historiographical viewpoint stating so-called «decline» of Hellenistic military art after Alexander the Great. Both studies remain relevant to this day.</p> </abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>Битва при Рафии (22 июня 217 г. до н.э.), которая завершила 4-ю Сирийскую войну между царством Селевкидов и птолемеевским Египтом, вошла в античную историю как одно из самых масштабных и вместе с тем недооценённых сражений. Долгое время на основании достаточно подробного рассказа Полибия исследователи делали вывод о недостаточном мастерстве полководцев. Только в конце 1970-х гг. Б. Бар-Кохва и Э. Галили в своих публикациях попытались переосмыслить ход сражения и реконструировать его на основе топографических данных. Опираясь на одни и те же фрагменты Полибия и пользуясь тем, что точного описания местности он не даёт, они приходят к разным выводам и локализуют поле битвы в разных местах; их аргументы интересны, позволяют прояснить иные места у Полибия и истолковать те или иные тактические решения, хотя, безусловно, не являются неуязвимыми для критики. Тем не менее главное, что их объединяет, – по-своему (в каждом случае) убедительная попытка опровергнуть старый историографический тезис об «упадке» эллинистического военного искусства после Александра Великого. Оба исследования сохраняют актуальность до сих пор.</p> </trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the battle of Raphia</kwd><kwd>4th Syrian War</kwd><kwd>B. Bar-Kochva</kwd><kwd>E. Galili</kwd><kwd>Kefar Shan</kwd><kwd>Sheikh-Zoweid</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>битва при Рафии</kwd><kwd>4-я Сирийская война</kwd><kwd>Б. Бар-Кохва</kwd><kwd>Э. Галили</kwd><kwd>Кефар-Шан</kwd><kwd>Шейх-Зувейд</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Galili E. Raphia, 217 B.C.E., Revisited // Scripta Classica Israelica. 1976/77. Vol. 3. P. 52–126.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bar-Kochva B. The Seleucid Army: Organization and tactics in the Great Campaigns. Cambridge: University Press, 1976. 306 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Morkot R.G. Historical dictionary of Ancient Egyptian Warfare. Lanham, MD; Oxford: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2003. 313 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Абакумов А.А. Битва при Рафии: основные историографические проблемы // Studia historica. XIII. М., 2013 [2014]. С. 68–87.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Wrightson G. The Battles of Antiochus the Great. The failure of combined arms at Magnesia that handed the world to Rome. Barnsley: Pen &amp; Sword Military, 2022. 154 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Du Plessis J.C. The Seleucid Army of Antiochus the Great. Weapons, Armour and Tactics. Barnsley: Pen &amp; Sword Military, 2022. 340 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Winnicki J.K. Operacje Wojskowe Ptolemeuszów w Syrii. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 1989. 185 s.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Hölbl G. A history of the Ptolemaic Empire. London; New York: Routledge, 2001. 373 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Grabowski T. Ostatni triumf Ptolemeuszy: Czwarta wojna Syryjska (221–217 P.N.E.). Kraków: Historia Iagellonica, 2010. 327 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Bar-Kochva B. Judas Maccabaeus: The Jewish Struggle against the Seleucids. Cambridge: University Press, 1989. 672 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Huß W. Ägypten in hellenistischer Zeit: 332-30 v. Chr. München: Verlag C.H. Beck, 2001. 884 s.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Nutt S. Tactical interaction and integration: A study in Warfare in the Hellenistic Period from Philip II to the Battle of Pydna: diss. PhD. Newcastle, 1993. 477 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Park M. Climax of the Syrian Wars: The Battle of Raphia, 217 BC // Ancient Warfare. 2010. Vol. IV, № 6. P. 25–32.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Taylor M.J. Antiochus the Great. Barnsley: Pen &amp; Sword Military, 2013. 190 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Sabin P. Lost Battles: Reconstructing the Great Clashes of the Ancient World. London: Continuum Books, 2007. 298 p.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
