Some ecological and biological characteristics of representatives of the genus Cornus L. in the conditions of Ufa

The article presents the results of studying the seasonal rhythm, winter hardiness and drought resistance of representatives of the genus Cornus in the collection of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. The studies were conducted using existing methods for 10 years (2013–2023). The objects of the study were 1 species, 6 varieties and 2 forms of the genus Cornus. The studies showed that all the studied taxa consistently pass through all phenological phases, annually bloom and bear fruit, but seed collection is difficult due to the active consumption of fruits by birds. The average duration of the vegetation period of Cornus is from 169 to 179 days, the maximum is observed in C. mas. All taxa of the genus Cornus are absolutely winter-hardy in the conditions of Ufa, with the exception of C. mas, which annually experiences freezing of annual shoots by 50% of the length. The data obtained from the study of drought resistance, which was carried out on 4 varieties of C. alba, allowed us to establish that the water regime indicators for all studied varieties are approximately the same, but the most drought-resistant in Ufa conditions is the variety C. alba 'Gouchoultii'.