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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Microbiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Microbiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Микробиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0026-3656</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5464</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">698759</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034546425060142</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Antifungal Activity of Shell Nanoparticles of Chitosan Asparaginate</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>АНТИФУНГАЛЬНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ ОБОЛОЧЕЧНЫХ НАНОЧАСТИЦ АСПАРАГИНАТА ХИТОЗАНА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>email@example.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Позднякова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>email@example.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>email@example.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>email@example.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipenok</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипенок</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>email@example.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipovskaya</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиповская</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>shipovskayad@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saratov state university of genetics, biotechnology and engineering named after N.I. Vavilov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный университет генетики, биотехнологии и инженерии им. Н.И. Вавилова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saratov national research state university named after N.G. Chernyshevsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет им. Н.Г. Чернышевского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of biochemistry and physiology of plants and microorganisms – FRC SRC RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимии и физиологии растений и микроорганизмов – ФНЦ СНЦ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>94</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 94, NO6 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 94, №6 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>664</fpage><lpage>675</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-16"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-12-16"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://snv63.ru/0026-3656/article/view/698759">https://snv63.ru/0026-3656/article/view/698759</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The antifungal effect of shell nanoparticles of chitosan aspartate obtained by in situ self-assembly of protonated macrochains was studied against 9 species of assomycetes and 2 species of basidiomycetes of various physiological and ecological groups and during artificial infection of soft wheat seedlings with the pathogenic fungus Rhizoconia sp. in vitro culture. It was found that the biopreparation has antifungal activity against a wide range of soil-dwelling saprotrophic and phytopathogenic fungi, increasing with increasing concentration of the preparation in the range of 0.001–0.1 g/dl. Suppression of mycelial growth under the influence of nanoparticles was noted for the fungi Trichoderma harzianum (up to 81.3%), Fusarium oxysporum (39.1%), Schizophyllum commune (37.9%), Lecanicillum aphanocladii (30.4%), Alternaria sp. (33.0%), Botrytis sp. (30.0%), Trichoderma viride (25.3%), Sclerotinia cf. sclerotiorum (18.0%), Rhizocionia sp. (15.0%), Talaromyces sayulltensis (7.0%) and Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida (6.1%). At the same time, a stimulating effect of a low concentration of nanoparticles on the growth of the assomycete T. sayulltensis (20%) isolated from the rhizosphere was found. Rhizocionia sp. in vitro culture in comparison with other phytopathogens demonstrated higher resistance to the biopreparation, however, seed treatment with nanoparticle dispersion followed by cultivation on an artificial infectious background in the presence of fungal spores reduced the degree of damage and the level of development of the plant disease to 33%. Possible mechanisms of the antifungal action of chitosan nanoparticles are discussed. The obtained data allow us to propose preparations based on the dispersion of chitosan aspartate nanoparticles as a safe biodegradable antifungal drug in the practice of plant protection from phytopathogenic fungi.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследовано антифунгальное действие оболочечных наночастиц аспарагината хитозана, полученных самосборкой in situ протонированных макроцепей, в отношении 9 видов аскомицетов и 2 видов базидиомицетов различных физиолого-экологических групп и при искусственном заражении проростков пшеницы мягкой патогенным грибом Rhizoctonia sp. в культуре in vitro. Установлено, что биопрепарат обладает антифунгальной активностью против широкого круга почвообитающих сапротрофных и фитопатогенных грибов, возрастающей с увеличением концентрации препарата в диапазоне 0.001–0.1 г/дл. Подавление роста мицелия под влиянием наночастиц отмечено для грибов Trichoderma harzianum (до 81.3%), Fusarium oxysporum (39.1%), Schizophyllum commune (37.9%), Lecanicillum aphanocladii (30.4%), Alternaria sp. (33.0%), Botrytis sp. (30.0%), Trichoderma viride (25.3%), Sclerotinia cf. Sclerotiorum (18.0%), Rhizoctonia sp. (15.0%), Talaromyces sayulltensis (7.0%) и Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida (6.1%). Вместе с тем обнаружено стимулирующее влияние на рост выделенного из ризосферы аскомицета T. sayulltensis (20%) низкой концентрации наночастиц. Rhizoctonia sp. в культуре in vitro в сравнении другими фитопатогенами демонстрировал более высокую устойчивость к биопрепарату, однако обработка семян дисперсией наночастиц с последующим выращиванием на искусственном инфекционном фоне в присутствии спор гриба снижала степень поражения и уровень развития болезни растения до 33%. Обсуждаются возможные механизмы антифунгального действия наночастиц хитозана. Полученные данные позволяют предложить препараты на основе дисперсии наночастиц аспарагината хитозана в качестве безопасного биоразлагаемого антифунгального препарата в практике защиты растений от фитопатогенных грибов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chitosan aspartate</kwd><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>assomycetes</kwd><kwd>basidiomycetes</kwd><kwd>antifungal activity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аспарагинат хитозана</kwd><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>аскомицеты</kwd><kwd>базидиомицеты</kwd><kwd>антифунгальная активность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by a grant № 24-16-00172 of the Russian Science Foundation (https://rscf.ru/project/24-16-00172/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект № 24-16-00172, https://rscf.ru/project/24-16-00172/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Актуганов Г.Э., Сафина В.Р., Галимзянова Н.Ф., Кузьмина Л.Ю., Гильванова Е.А., Бойко Т.Ф., Мелентьев А.И. 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